A Comprehensive Study on the Rational Function Model for Photogrammetric Processing

......................................................................................................................................................3 BACKGROUND................................................................................................................................................3 PHYSICAL VS. GENERALIZED SENSOR MODELS ...............................................................................................3 REPLACEMENT SENSOR MODELS .....................................................................................................................4 CHARACTERISTICS OF RFM .............................................................................................................................5 INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................................................6 SOLUTIONS TO THE RATIONAL FUNCTION MODEL.........................................................................6 BASIC EQUATIONS ...........................................................................................................................................6 ITERATIVE AND DIRECT LEAST SQUARES SOLUTIONS......................................................................................7 REGULARIZATION OF THE NORMAL EQUATION................................................................................................9 TERRAIN INDEPENDENT VS. DEPENDENT COMPUTATIONAL SCENARIOS.............................11 TERRAIN-INDEPENDENT COMPUTATIONAL SCENARIO ...................................................................................11 TERRAIN-DEPENDENT COMPUTATIONAL SCENARIOS ....................................................................................12 ROBUST BUCKETING FOR AUTOMATIC SELECTION OF GCPS ...................................................13 BUCKETING TECHNIQUE ................................................................................................................................13 ROBUST SELECTION OF GCPS ........................................................................................................................14 TEST RESULTS AND EVALUATION........................................................................................................15 DESIGN OF TESTS ...........................................................................................................................................15 TEST DATA SETS............................................................................................................................................16 EXPERIMENTS AND EVALUATION-TERRAIN-INDEPENDENT SCENARIO ..........................................................18 Accuracy aspect – aerial photograph data................................................................................................18 Accuracy aspect – SPOT data I.................................................................................................................19 Computation aspect – terrain independent scenario.................................................................................19 EXPERIMENTS AND EVALUATION -TERRAIN-DEPENDENT SCENARIO.............................................................20 Accuracy aspect – aerial photograph data................................................................................................20 Computation aspect – aerial photograph data..........................................................................................21 Accuracy aspect – SPOT data II ...............................................................................................................22 Computation aspect – SPOT data II..........................................................................................................23 CONCLUSIONS..............................................................................................................................................23 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS...............................................................................................................................25 REFERENCES................................................................................................................................................25